Kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, zoumba zadothi zakhala zikukondedwa osati chifukwa cha ntchito zake zokha komanso chifukwa cha luso lake laukadaulo. Kumbuyo kwa mphika uliwonse wokongola, chikho, kapena chokongoletsera kuli luso lapamwamba lomwe limaphatikiza luso lapamwamba, nzeru zasayansi, ndi luso. Tiyeni tifufuze ulendo wodabwitsa wa momwe dothi limasinthira kukhala zoumba zadothi zokongola!
Gawo 1: Kujambula Kapangidwe
Njirayi imayamba ndi kugoba. Kutengera ndi chithunzi kapena kapangidwe, amisiri amaumba dongo mosamala kuti likhale mawonekedwe omwe akufuna. Gawo loyamba ili ndi lofunika kwambiri, chifukwa limakhazikitsa maziko a chidutswa chomaliza.
Gawo 2: Kupanga Chipolopolo cha Plaster
Chifanizirocho chikatha, chimapangidwa chifaniziro cha pulasitala. Chifanizirocho chimasankhidwa chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kuyamwa madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupanga ndikutulutsa mawonekedwe a dongo pambuyo pake. Kenako chifanizirocho chimauma bwino kuti chitsimikizire kukhazikika pa masitepe otsatira.
Gawo 3: Kuumba ndi Kuchotsa
Dongo lokonzedwa limakanikizidwa, kuzunguliridwa, kapena kutsanuliridwa mu chikombole cha pulasitala. Njira imodzi yodziwika bwino ndi kuyika slip casting, komwe dongo lamadzimadzi—lomwe limadziwika kuti slip—limatsanuliridwa mu chikombole. Pamene plasitala ikuyamwa madzi, dongo lolimba limapangika m'makoma a chikombole. Pambuyo pofika kukula komwe mukufuna, slip yochulukirapo imachotsedwa, ndipo chidutswa cha dongo chimatulutsidwa mosamala—njira yotchedwa demolding.
Gawo 4: Kudula ndi Kuumitsa
Kenako mawonekedwe osaphikawo amapita kudzera mu kudula ndi kuyeretsa kuti zisalala m'mbali ndikunola zinthu. Pambuyo pake, chidutswacho chimasiyidwa kuti chiume kwathunthu, sitepe yofunika kwambiri yopewera ming'alu panthawi yowotcha.
Gawo 5: Kuwombera Bisque
Chidutswacho chikauma, chimayatsidwa koyamba, komwe kumatchedwa kuti bisque firing. Nthawi zambiri chimachitika pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 1000°C, njirayi imalimbitsa dongo ndikuchotsa chinyezi chilichonse chotsala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwira ntchito mtsogolo.
Gawo 6: Kupaka ndi Kupaka Magalasi
Amisiri amatha kuwonjezera zokongoletsera kudzera mu utoto, kapena kusunthira mwachindunji ku glazing. Glaze ndi utoto woonda, wooneka ngati galasi wopangidwa ndi mchere. Sikuti umangowonjezera kukongola ndi kuwala, mtundu, kapena mapangidwe komanso umalimbitsa kulimba komanso kukana kutentha.
Gawo 7: Kuwotcha Glaze
Mukayika glaze, chidutswacho chimawotchedwa kachiwiri kutentha kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 1270°C. Pa gawo ili, glaze imasungunuka ndikugwirizana ndi pamwamba, ndikupanga mapeto osalala komanso olimba.
Gawo 8: Kukongoletsa ndi Kuwombera Komaliza
Pa mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri, njira monga kugwiritsa ntchito decal kapena kupaka pamanja zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zokongoletsazi zimakhazikika kudzera mu kuwombera kwachitatu, kuonetsetsa kuti kapangidwe kake kamakhala kosatha.
Gawo 9: Kuyang'anira ndi Kukonza Zinthu Mwangwiro
Pa gawo lomaliza, chidutswa chilichonse cha ceramic chimawunikidwa mosamala. Zofooka zazing'ono zimakonzedwa, kuonetsetsa kuti chinthu chomaliza chikukwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yaubwino ndi kukongola.
Mapeto
Kuyambira dongo losaphika mpaka glaze yowala, njira yopangira zoumba zadongo imakhala yodzaza ndi kuleza mtima, kulondola, komanso luso. Gawo lililonse ndi lofunika kwambiri kuti zinthu zomaliza zigwire ntchito bwino komanso ntchito yaluso yosatha. Nthawi ina mukatenga chikho chadongo kapena kusangalala ndi mphika, mudzamvetsa khama lomwe linaperekedwa kuti chikhale chamoyo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-25-2025
