Mu myaka ibihumbi n'ibihumbi, ibibumbano byakunze agaciro atari ukubera ingirakamaro byabyo gusa, ahubwo no kubera agaciro k'ubuhanzi bwabyo. Inyuma ya buri kibindi cyiza, igikombe, cyangwa igishushanyo mbonera hari ubuhanga buhanitse buvanga ubuhanga buhanitse, ubwenge bwa siyansi, n'ubuhanga. Reka turebe urugendo rutangaje rw'uburyo ibumba rihinduka ibibumbano byiza!
Intambwe ya 1: Gushushanya Igishushanyo
Igikorwa gitangirana no gushushanya. Hashingiwe ku gishushanyo cyangwa igishushanyo, abanyabukorikori babumba ibumba neza mu buryo bifuza. Iyi ntambwe ya mbere ni ingenzi cyane, kuko ishyiraho urufatiro rw'igice cya nyuma.
Intambwe ya 2: Gukora Plaster Mold
Iyo ishusho imaze kurangira, hakorwa ibumba rya plaster. Ibumba ritoranywa kubera ubushobozi bwaryo bwo kwinjiza amazi, ibyo bigatuma byoroha gukora no kurekura imiterere y'ibumba nyuma. Hanyuma ibumba rirumishwa neza kugira ngo rikomeze guhagarara neza mu ntambwe zikurikiraho.
Intambwe ya 3: Gutunganya no Gukuraho
Ibumba ryateguwe rirakandagirwa, rikazungurutswa, cyangwa rikasukwa mu ibumba rya plaster. Uburyo bumwe busanzwe ni ugusukamo ibumba, aho ibumba ry'amazi—rizwi nka slip—risukwa mu ibumba. Uko ibumba ryinjiramo amazi, urwego rw'ibumba rikomeye rukora ku nkuta z'ibumba. Nyuma yo kugera ku bunini bukenewe, ibumba rirenze rirakurwaho, hanyuma igice cy'ibumba kigarekurwa neza—uburyo bwitwa demolding.
Intambwe ya 4: Gukata no Kumisha
Hanyuma, iyo miterere y’ikintu isanzwe inyura mu gukata no gusukura kugeza ku mpande zoroshye no gukarisha utuntu duto. Nyuma yaho, igice gisigara kugira ngo cyume burundu, intambwe y'ingenzi yo kwirinda ko hacikamo uduce mu gihe cyo kurasa.
Intambwe ya 5: Gutwika Bisque
Iyo yuma irangiye, igice gitangira gushya bwa mbere, bizwi nka bisque firing. Ubusanzwe bikorwa ku bushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 1000, iki gikorwa gikomeza ibumba kandi kigakuraho ubushuhe bwose busigaye, bigatuma byoroha kubikora mu bihe bya nyuma.
Intambwe ya 6: Gusiga irangi no gusiga irangi
Abanyabukorikori bashobora kongeramo imitako binyuze mu gusiga amarangi, cyangwa bakayishyira mu buryo butaziguye. Irangi ni irangi rito, risa n'ikirahure rikozwe mu myunyu ngugu. Ntabwo ryongera ubwiza gusa binyuze mu kurabagirana, ibara, cyangwa imiterere ahubwo rinatuma ibintu biramba kandi bigakomeza kwihanganira ubushyuhe.
Intambwe ya 7: Gutwika ikirahure
Iyo glaze imaze gushyirwaho, igice gitangira gushya bwa kabiri ku bushyuhe bwinshi, akenshi hafi ya 1270°C. Muri iki cyiciro, glaze irashonga ikanahuza n'ubuso, bigatuma irangira neza kandi rirambye.
Intambwe ya 8: Imitako n'ikoreshwa ry'amasasu ya nyuma
Ku bishushanyo mbonera bigoye kurushaho, hakoreshwa uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibishushanyo cyangwa gusiga amarangi ku ntoki. Iyi mitako ishyirwaho binyuze mu gushushanya bwa gatatu, kugira ngo igishushanyo kigumeho burundu.
Intambwe ya 9: Igenzura n'Ubuziranenge
Mu cyiciro cya nyuma, buri gice cy'ibumba gisuzumwa neza. Udukosa duto duto turakosorwa, kugira ngo umusaruro wa nyuma wujuje ubuziranenge n'ubwiza biri hejuru.
Umwanzuro
Kuva ku ibumba rito kugeza ku kirahuri gishyushye, inzira yo gukora ibumba yuzuyemo kwihangana, ubuhanga, n'ubuhanga. Intambwe yose ni ingenzi kugira ngo umusaruro wa nyuma udakora gusa ahubwo ube igihangano cy'ubuhanzi kidashira. Ubutaha uzafata igikombe cya bumba cyangwa ukareba ivaze, uzasobanukirwa imbaraga zakoreshejwe kugira ngo kibeho.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 25 Nzeri 2025
